১ম পর্ব – Right Form of Verbs-এর সহজ নিয়ম by SagorSrkian [First-Part] 😀
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২য় পর্ব ↓
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Rule-31: সাধারণত Each, one of, every, either, neither ইত্যাদি দ্বারা কোনো subject-গঠিত হলে সেটি 3rd person singular number হয়; তাই এদের পরের Verbটিও singular number হয়। যেমন,
Each boy (come) here.
Ans : Each boy comes here.
One of them (to be) guilty.
Ans : One of them is guilty.
Everybody (wish) to be happy.
Ans : Everybody wishes to be happy.
Rule-32: Adjective-এর আগে the বসলে subjectটি Plural হয় এবং তদনুযায়ী Verb বসে।
The virtuous (to be) blessed.
Ans : The virtuous are blessed.
The poor (live) from hand to mouth.
Ans : The poor live from hand to mouth.
Rule-33: Titles, Names, phrase of measurement দেখতে Plural হলে Singular verb হয়।
Thirty miles (to be) a long way.
Ans : Thirty miles is a long way.
Star wars (to be) an excellent movie.
Ans : Star wars is an excellent movie.
Eight hours (to be) a long time to work.
Ans : Eight hours is a long time to work.
Rule-34: কোনো Sentence It দ্বারা শুরু হলে পরবর্তী Verb singular হয়।
It (to be) difficult to do.
Ans : It is difficult to do.
It (to be) you .who have done this.
Ans : It is you who have done this.
Rule-35: কোনো Sentence যদি Introductory There’ দ্বারা শুরু হয় এবং তারপর Singular number থাকে, তবে there-এর Singular verb হয়। আর যদি there-এর পরে Plural Number থাকে, তবে Plural verb হয়।
There (to be) a big river beside our village.
Ans : There was a big river beside our village.
There (to be) a lot of work left for us.
Ans : There were a lot of work left for us.
Rule-36: Let, had rather, had better, would better, do not, does not, need not, did not, did never ইত্যাদির পরে Verb-এর present form হয়। যেমন,
I would rather die than (beg) .
Ans : I would rather die than beg.
Would you let me (go) there?
Ans : Would you let me go there?
I let the other boys (use) — my skates.
Ans: I let the other boys use my skates.
I had better (go) — home by this time.
Ans: I had better go home by this time.
I need not (do) — the work.
Ans: I need not do the work.
Try yourself :
He did not (go) — to college yesterday.
He does not (like) — student-politics.
Rule-37: If যুক্ত Clause-এর প্রথম অংশ Present Indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশ Future Indefinite হয় অর্থাৎ Structureটি হয় অর্থাৎ [If +Present Indefinite +Future Indefinite]—
If you work hard, you (prosper) In life.
Ans : If you work hard, you will prosper In life.
If he reads more he (pass) In the examination.
Ans : If he reads more, he will pass in the examination.
If you walk slowly, you (miss) — the train.
Ans: If you walk slowly, you will miss the train.
If you run in the rain, you (catch) — cold.
Ans: If you run in the rain, you will catch cold.
Try yourself :
I will not go out, if it (rain) —
If he (come) — here, I will go there with him.
Rule-38: If যুক্ত Clause-এর প্রথম অংশ Indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশ Subject-এর পরে Would/could/might বসে এবং Verb-এর Present form হয়। অর্থাৎ, Structureটি হয়—
If + past indefinite + (subject + would/could/might +verb-এর Present form)
If he agreed, I (give) the money.
Ans : If he agreed, I would give the money.
If you studied, you (get) a good result.
Ans: If you studied, you would get a good result.
Rule-39: If যুক্ত Clause-এর প্রথম অংশ Past perfect tense হলে পরের অংশ Subject-এর পরে Would have/could have/might have বসে এবং Verb-এর Past participle form হয়।
If you had finished it sincerely, you (get) a profit.
Ans : If you had finished it sincerely, you would have got a profit.
If I had possessed vast wealth, I (help) the poor people.
Ans : If I had possessed vast wealth, I would have helped the poor people.
If he had met his teacher, he (solve) the problems.
Ans : If he had met his teacher, he would have solved the problems.
Rule-40: To-এর পরে Verb-এর present form হয়। যেমন,
She went to New Market to (buy) — a dress.
Ans: She went to New Market to buy a dress.
We have come here to (see) — his ailing mother.
Ans: We have come here to see his ailing mother.
The man said to the porter to (carry) — the load.
Try yourself :
You need to (go) — there.
We have to (realize) — the importance of English.
Rule-41:To ব্যতীত Preposition-এর পরের Verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত হয়।
He is now engaged in (read).
Ans : He is now engaged in reading.
One can gather knowledge by (travel).
Ans : One can gather knowledge by traveling.
Rule-42: Can not help, could not help, look forward to, with a view to, get used to, mind , would you mind, worth, past ইত্যাদির পরে Verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত হয়।
He came to Dhaka with a view to (find) a job.
Ans : He came to Dhaka with a view to finding a job.
I cannot help (laugh).
Ans : I cannot help laughing.
I went there with a view to (read) — there.
Ans: I went there with a view to reading there.
I am looking forward to (get) — your reply.
Ans: I am looking forward to getting your reply.
I looked forward to (stand) — first in the class.
Ans: I looked forward to standing first in the class.
Would you mind (give) — me a pen ?
Ans: Would you mind giving me a pen ?
I can not help (do) — the work.
Ans: I can not help doing the work.
He could not help (help) — the poor.
Ans: He could not help helping the poor.
Try yourself :
They become addicted to (take) — drugs.
We went to Cox’s Bazar with a view to (see) — the sea shore.
She never mind (have) — ice cream.
He could not help (sell) — his land.
Rule-43: কোন Sentence-এর শুরুতে Subject-এর স্থানে Verb থাকলে Verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যোগ হয়।
(To swim) is a good exercise.
Ans : Swimming is a good exercise.
(To speak) is an art.
Ans : Speaking is an art.
Rule-44: By-এর পরে Verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যোগ হয়। যেমন,
He expressed his grief by (say) — that the thief had stolen his watch.
Ans: He expressed his grief by saying that the thief had stolen his watch.
Answer the questions by (write) — one point of information.
Ans: Answer the questions by writing one point of information.
By (dig) — a deeper hole, Jerry planted a tree.
Ans: By digging a deeper hole, Jerry planted a tree.
Try yourself :
No student can pass the examination by (adopt) — unfair means in the examination.
By (be) — conscious of a language one can develop his ‘explicit’ learning.
Rule-45: lf/Had যুক্ত clauseটি Past Indefinite Tense হলে অপর clause-এর Subject-এর পরে would/could/might বসে এবং Verb-এর Present Form বসে। যেমন,
If he requested me, I (go) __there.
Ans: If he requested me, I would go there.
If I were a rich man, I (help)__the poor.
Ans: If I were a rich man, I would help the poor.
If I were the President, I (remove)__ the terrorism.
Ans: If I were the President, I would remove the terrorism.
Try yourself :
Had I much money, I (establish)__a college.
Had I the wings of a bird, I (fly)__ like a bird.
Rule-46: Sentence-এ lf/Had যুক্ত clauseটি Past perfect Tense হলে অন্য অংশটিতে Subject-এর পরে অর্থভেদে would have/could have/might have বসে এবং verb-এর past participle হয়।
If he had invited, I (go)__.
Ans: If he had invited, I would have gone.
If I had been a rich man, I (help)__the poor.
Ans: If I had been a rich man, I would have helped the poor.
Try yourself :
We would have come, if he (invite)__.
If you had stated earlier, you (catch)__the bus.
Rule-47: If যুক্ত Clause-এর প্রথমটিতে Subject-এর পর were থাকলে দ্বিতীয় অংশে Subject-এর পরে Would/ could/ might বসে এবং Verb-এর Present From বসে। আবার, Would have/could have/would haveও বসতে পারে। সে ক্ষেত্রে Verb-এর Past participle form বসে।
If I were an artist, I (draw) a nice picture.
Ans : If I were a child, I would draw a nice picture.
If I were a billionaire, I (establish) a hospital for the poor.
Ans : If I were a billionaire, I would establish a hospital for the poor.
Had-এর পরে Subject এবং Verb-এর Past participle থাকলে পরবর্তী Clause-এর Subject-এর পরে Would have/could have/might have + verb-এর Past participle form বসে।
Had I been a teacher, I (talk) the real story to my students.
Ans : Had I been a teacher, I would have talked the real story to my students.
Rule-48: Verb ‘to be’ বিহীন Sentenceকে Negative বা Interrogative করতে হলে tense ও Subject-এর number ও person অনুসারে do, does, did ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
We not (play) Ha-du-du.
Ans : We do not play Ha-du-du.
She not (play) football.
Ans : She does not play football.
He not (come) home yesterday.
Ans : He did not come home yesterday.
Rule-49: সাধারণত Preposition (on, in of, for, from, by, after at, beyond, upon, against, with, without, before ইত্যাদি) এর পরে verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যোগ হয়। যেমন:
Rina is busy in (do) her home work.
Ans : Rina is busy in doing her homework.
Helen is neglected for (speak) foolishly.
Ans : Helen is neglected for speaking foolishly.
Keep on (try) hard.
Ans : Keep on trying hard.
I don’t believe in (overload) — my stomach.
Ans: I don’t believe in overloading my stomach.
I had never thought of (go) — there.
Ans: I had never thought of going there.
I could not live without (help) — the poor.
Ans: I could not live without helping the poor.
Try yourself :
After (do) — the work I will go out.
The porter came here for (do) — the work.
Rule-50: Interrogative sentence যদি who, what, why, which, when, where, whose, how ইত্যাদি question word দিয়ে শুরু হয় তাহলে subject-এর আগে tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
Why he (look) so happy?
Ans : Why does he look so happy?
When father (come)?
Ans : When will father come?
What you (say)?
Ans : What do you say?
Rule-51: সাধারণত নিচের verb-গুলোর পরে gerund বসে। যেমন: admit, enjoy, report, appreciate, finish, recent, avoid, mind, resist, miss, resume, consider, postpone, risk, delay, practise, suggest, escape, imagine, save, recall, prevent, propose, stop, deny, quit ইত্যাদি।
We enjoy (watch) TV.
Ans: We enjoy watching TV.
I have finished (writing).
Ans: I have finished writing.
Students have finished (write) the exam.
Ans: Students have finished writing the exam.
Rule-52: ‘Since’ বা ‘for’-এর পরে সময় উল্লেখ থাকলে sentenceটি present perfect Continuous Tense হবে। যেমন,
It (rain) — for two hours.
Ans: It has been raining for two hours.
It (rain) — since the morning.
Ans: It has been raining since the morning.
We (live) — in Dhaka since 1986.
Ans: We have been living in Dhaka since 1986.
Try yourself :
They (live) — Dhaka for 20 years.
She (wait) — you for two hours.
Rule-53: Main Clause-এর Verbটি Past Tense-এর হলে এবং পরের অংশে next day, next week, next month, next year ইত্যাদি উল্লেখ থাকলে Subject-এর পরে would/should বসে এবং Verb-এর Present Form হয়।
He said that he (go) — home the next day.
Ans: He said that he would go home the next day.
He told that he (come) — here the next year.
Ans: He told that he would come here the next year.
He said that he (buy) — a new TV the next day.
Ans: He said that he would buy a new TV the next day.
Try yourself :
She said that she (sell) — her land the next month.
The man said that he (go) — to London the next day.
Rule-54: After-এর পরে এবং before-এর আগের clauseটি past perfect tense হয় এবং অন্য clauseটি past indefinite tense হয়।
The doctor (come) — before the patient came.
Ans: The doctor had come before the patient came.
The doctor came after the patient (die)__.
Ans: The doctor came after the patient had died.
The train left — they had reached the station.
Ans: The train left after they had reached the station.
Try yourself :
The patient had died — the doctor came.
The train (start) — before they reached there.
Rule-55: Sentenceটি Passive voice হলে Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb ও Verb-এর Past participle বসাতে হবে এবং gap-এর পরে Subject থাকলে by বসাতে হবে।
English (speak) — all over the world.
Ans: English is spoken all over the world.
English (speak) — the English.
Ans: English is spoken by the English.
He has (expell) — from the examination hall.
Ans: He has been expelled from the examination hall.
Try yourself :
The boys (send) — to school yesterday.
The bird (kill) — on the ship last week.
Cricket (play) — all over the world.
Practice: Using the right form of the verbs in the following sentences.
(A)
i) He usually (get) up early in the morning.
ii) When father (come)?
iii) Rina is busy in (do) her home work.
iv) We not (play) Ha-du-du.
v) He is now engaged in (read).
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