Rule-28:
While যুক্ত Sentence-এ While-এর পরে Verb থাকলে Verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যোগ হয়। আবার
While-এর পরে Subject থাকলে While-এর অংশটি Past continuous tense হয়।
While (take) dinner, he received the phone.
Ans : While taking dinner, he received the phone.
While I (play) in the field, I saw him coming.
Ans : While I was playing in the field, I saw him coming.
While (walk) — in the garden, a snake bit him.
Ans: While walking in the garden, a snake bit him.
While he (walk) — in the garden, a snake bit him.
Ans: While he was walking in the garden, a snake bit him.
While it (rain) — , I was going to college.
Ans: While it was raining, I was going to college.
Try yourself:
While (sleep) — in his room, he dreamt a nice dream.
My uncle arrived while she (cook) — the dinner.
Rule-29:
Lest দ্বারা দুটি Clause যুক্ত থাকলে Lest-এর পরবর্তী Subject-এর সঙ্গে Auxiliary verb should/might বসে।
Read attentively lest you (fail) in the examination.
Ans : Read attentively lest you should fail in the examination.
Walk fast lest you (be) late in your class.
Ans : Walk fast lest you might be late in your class.
Rule-30:
Would that দ্বারা Sentence শুরু হলে Subject-এর পরে could বসে এবং মূল Verb-এর Present
form হয়।
Would that I (be) a bird!
Ans : Would that I could be a bird!
Would that I (visit) Cox’s Bazar
Ans : Would that I could visit Cox’s Bazar!
Would that I (go) — to the moon.
Ans: Would that I could go to the moon.
Would that I (be) — a poet like Nazrul.
Ans: Would that I could be a poet like Nazrul.
Would that I (enter) — into the class-room.
Ans: Would that I could enter into the class-room.
Try yourself :
Would that I (buy) — a latest car.
Would that I (see) — our great Prophet (SM).
Rule-31:
সাধারণত Each, one of, every, either, neither ইত্যাদি দ্বারা কোনো subject-গঠিত হলে সেটি 3rd person singular number হয়; তাই এদের পরের Verbটিও singular number হয়। যেমন,
Each boy (come) here.
Ans : Each boy comes here.
One of them (to be) guilty.
Ans : One of them is guilty.
Everybody (wish) to be happy.
Ans : Everybody wishes to be happy.
Rule-32:
Adjective-এর আগে the বসলে subjectটি Plural হয় এবং তদনুযায়ী Verb বসে।
The virtuous (to be) blessed.
Ans : The virtuous are blessed.
The poor (live) from hand to mouth.
Ans : The poor live from hand to mouth.
Rule-33:
Titles, Names, phrase of measurement দেখতে Plural হলে Singular verb হয়।
Thirty miles (to be) a long way.
Ans : Thirty miles is a long way.
Star wars (to be) an excellent movie.
Ans : Star wars is an excellent movie.
Eight hours (to be) a long time to work.
Ans : Eight hours is a long time to work.
Rule-34:
কোনো Sentence It দ্বারা শুরু হলে পরবর্তী Verb singular হয়।
It (to be) difficult to do.
Ans : It is difficult to do.
It (to be) you .who have done this.
Ans : It is you who have done this.
Rule-35:
কোনো Sentence যদি Introductory There’ দ্বারা শুরু হয় এবং তারপর Singular number থাকে, তবে there-এর Singular verb হয়। আর যদি there-এর পরে Plural Number থাকে, তবে Plural verb হয়।
There (to be) a big river beside our village.
Ans : There was a big river beside our village.
There (to be) a lot of work left for us.
Ans : There were a lot of work left for us.
Rule-36:
Let, had rather, had better, would better, do not, does not, need not, did not, did never ইত্যাদির পরে Verb-এর present form হয়। যেমন,
I would rather die than (beg) .
Ans : I would rather die than beg.
Would you let me (go) there?
Ans : Would you let me go there?
I let the other boys (use) — my skates.
Ans: I let the other boys use my skates.
I had better (go) — home by this time.
Ans: I had better go home by this time.
I need not (do) — the work.
Ans: I need not do the work.
Try yourself :
He did not (go) — to college yesterday.
He does not (like) — student-politics.
Rule-37:
If যুক্ত Clause-এর প্রথম অংশ Present Indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশ Future Indefinite হয় অর্থাৎ Structureটি হয় অর্থাৎ [If +Present Indefinite +Future Indefinite]—
If you work hard, you (prosper) In life.
Ans : If you work hard, you will prosper In life.
If he reads more he (pass) In the examination.
Ans : If he reads more, he will pass in the examination.
If you walk slowly, you (miss) — the train.
Ans: If you walk slowly, you will miss the train.
If you run in the rain, you (catch) — cold.
Ans: If you run in the rain, you will catch cold.
Try yourself :
I will not go out, if it (rain) —
If he (come) — here, I will go there with him.
Rule-38:
If যুক্ত Clause-এর প্রথম অংশ Indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশ Subject-এর পরে Would/could/might বসে এবং Verb-এর Present form হয়। অর্থাৎ, Structureটি হয়—
If + past indefinite + (subject + would/could/might +verb-এর Present form)
If he agreed, I (give) the money.
Ans : If he agreed, I would give the money.
If you studied, you (get) a good result.
Ans: If you studied, you would get a good result.
Rule-39:
If যুক্ত Clause-এর প্রথম অংশ Past perfect tense হলে পরের অংশ Subject-এর পরে Would have/could have/might have বসে এবং Verb-এর Past participle form হয়।
If you had finished it sincerely, you (get) a profit.
Ans : If you had finished it sincerely, you would have got a profit.
If I had possessed vast wealth, I (help) the poor people.
Ans : If I had possessed vast wealth, I would have helped the poor people.
If he had met his teacher, he (solve) the problems.
Ans : If he had met his teacher, he would have solved the problems.
Rule-40:
To-এর পরে Verb-এর present form হয়। যেমন,
She went to New Market to (buy) — a dress.
Ans: She went to New Market to buy a dress.
We have come here to (see) — his ailing mother.
Ans: We have come here to see his ailing mother.
The man said to the porter to (carry) — the load.
Ans: The man said to the porter to carry the load.
Try yourself :
You need to (go) — there.
We have to (realize) — the importance of English.
Rule-41:
To ব্যতীত Preposition-এর পরের Verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত হয়।
He is now engaged in (read).
Ans : He is now engaged in reading.
One can gather knowledge by (travel).
Ans : One can gather knowledge by traveling.
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